General significance of the topic in this paper i try to contrast realist theories of meaning with what may be called idealist theories of meaning. Meaning and the moral sciences hilary putnam download. The meaning of meaning putnams article meaning and reference 1973 was subsequently expanded into a much longer paper called the meaning of meaning 1975. Billie eilish guesses how 4,669 fans responded to a survey about her teen vogue duration. The twin earth thought experiment was one of three, the other two being the aluminummolybdenum, and the. Twin earth is a thought experiment by philosopher hilary putnam, first in his paper meaning and reference, and then in his paper the meaning of meaning, to illustrate his argument for semantic externalism, or the view that the meanings of words are ultimately not purely psychological. In this dissertation on hilary putnam s philosophy, i investigate his development regarding meaning and necessity, in particular mathematical necessity. Hilary putnam deals in this book with some of the most fundamental persistent problems in philosophy. Im sure most of you have already encountered this article at some point in an undergrad program, but incase anyone hasnt, i think this is an excellent piece. While hilary putnam s work on theories of meaning, semantic content, the nature of mental phenomena, interpretations of quantum mechanics, theorychange, logic, and mathematics is crucial to recent and future developments in philosophy, the scope and volume of his writings and his radical rethinking of concepts make it challenging to portray his philosophy accurately. Full text of putnam, hilary reason, truth and history see other formats. Outside philosophy, putnam contributed to mathematics and computer science.
Hilary putnam, born july 31, 1926, chicago, illinois, u. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read reason, truth and history. Hilary putnam meaning and reference article summary. Access to this document requires a subscription or membership. He claims that the meaning of words are not individual mental states. Explanation and reference i i explanation and reference i. His aim is to break down the fixed categories of thought which have always appeared to define and constrain the permissible solutions to. This was a contribution to the philosophy of language. His views on meaning, first laid out in meaning and reference 1973, then in the meaning. Meaning and the moral sciences hilary putnam first published in 1978, this reissue presents a seminal philosophical work by professor putnam, in which he puts forward a conception of knowledge which makes ethics, practical knowledge and nonmathematic parts of the social sciences just as much parts of knowledge as the sciences themselves. Realism with a human face hilary putnam, james conant. Thus, such a baptismal rite will go something like, natural kind term n means this thing in the actual world, meaning that the way the world is for putnam as much a contributor in determining reference as is any psychological state on the part of speakers, contrary to standard semantic theory.
Knowing the meaning of a word, sentence is being in a psychological state. Putnam s goal is to embed philosophy in social life. Synthese library monographs on epistemology, logic, methodology, philosophy of science, sociology of science and of knowlegde, and on the mathematical methods of social and behavioral sciences, vol 52. Putnam, hilary and ruth anna, the quarrel between poetry and philosophy, read to the santayana society at its annual meeting in new york on december 28, 1995. Quine, donald davidson, john mcdowell, michael dummett, hilary putnam, saul kripke, david wiggins, and gareth evans. Beginning in the mid1970s, putnam sought to distinguish his understanding of realism from what he now called metaphysical realism. Reason, truth and history ebook written by hilary putnam. This volume presents a selection of the most important writings in the debate on the nature of meaning and reference which started one hundred years ago with freges classic essay on sense and reference. Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, volume 7 1975, page 1193. Reason, truth and history by hilary putnam books on. If twinoscar asks for a glass of water, and you hand him a glass of h2o and ask is this what you want, hed say yes.
To putnam, to the extent that such terms are defined ostensively, their extension actually determines their intension, in the sense that a paraphrase of the meaning of the term will be of the general form this thing right here, perhaps with an accompanying. Bibliography of the writings of hilary putnam this bibliography lists books and then shorter writings, in chronological order. Full text of putnam, hilary reason, truth and history. The longer paper contains a number of things that help to make clear what he is getting at in the shorter version. Hilary putnam was awarded the rolf schock prize in logic and philosophy by the royal swedish academy of sciences in 2011 for his contribution to the understanding of semantics for theoretical. Unfortunately in the pdf pages 218 and 219 are missing. Putnam has two main conclusions in meaning and reference. The volume contains his major essays from 1975 to 1982, which reveal a large shift in emphasis in the realist position developed in his earlier work. Hilary putnam on meaning and necessity diva portal. According to putnam why there isnt a readymade world 1983, for putnam, this picture of wordworld correspondence is absurd, pointing to a realism gone wild. Putnam also concludes that the meaning of words often involves a great deal of division of linguistic labor. His father, samuel putnam, was a wellknown author and translator. Before the years end putnam had become a practicing jew, turned his mind and research to more ethical issues, and begun to engage jewish philosophy.
One of the most important contributions of hilary putnam s philosophy of language is the idea that the meaning is not right in the head just is not meaning in the head, an argument illustrated by the famous experiment thought the earth twin. Hilary putnam edited by yemima benmenahem january 2005. The time has come to reform philosophy, says hilary putnam, one of americas great philosophers. His causal treatment of reference, developed in the mid1960s and most famously defended in the meaning of meaning 1975. Putnam s parents lived in france until 1934, and then in philadelphia, where he graduated from the university of pennsylvania. His causal treatment of reference, developed in the mid1960s and most. This is the third volume of hilary putnam s philosophical papers, published in paperback for the first time. Brains in a vat, subjectivity, and the causal theory of reference kirk ludwig department of philosophy university of florida gainesville, fl 326118545 1. Meaning and reference hilary putnam the journal of. There is no marxist theory of meaning but there are a. Realism and reason hilary putnam in one way of conceiving it, realism is an empirical theory.
Putnams position is we should give up the claim that meanings are in the head. Hilary putnam was awarded the rolf schock prize in logic and philosophy by the royal swedish academy of sciences in 2011 for his contribution to the understanding of semantics. I shall argue that these two assumptions are not jointly satisfied by any notion, let alone any notion of. Frege, however, rebelled against this psy chologism. Responding to hilary putnam s meaning and reference the meaning of meaning. Marieluise raters and marcus willaschek frankfurt am main. Hilary putnam meaning and reference article summary analysis.
In what sense did putnam invent the doctrine of semantic externalism. To putnam, to the extent that such terms are defined ostensively, their extension actually determines their intension, in the sense that a paraphrase of the meaning of the term will be of the general form this thing right here, perhaps with an accompanying demonstration e. The meaning of meaning hilary putnams classic twin earth. July 31, 1926 march, 2016 was an american philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist, and a major figure in analytic philosophy in the second half of the 20th century.
Thus, putnam claims, traditional views about meaning are committed to two claims. Even frege, who thought that meanings senses were public. Meaning and reference nclear as it is, the traditional doctrine that the notion meaning possesses the extensionintension ambiguity has certain typical consequences. He calls upon philosophers to attend to the gap between the present condition of their subject and the human aspirations that philosophy should and once did claim to represent. Frege of course also held that sense determines reference, or that intension determines extension. Hilary putnam, who may have been the first philosopher to advance the notion that the computer is an apt model for the mind, takes a radically new view of his own theory of functionalism in this book. Putnam here revises the functionalist view of mind that he formerly espoused. Introduction in the first chapter of reason, truth and history,1 putnam argued that it is not epistemically possible that we are brains in a vat of a certain sort. Bibliography of the writings of hilary putnam compiled and edited by john r.
He retains the belief that, in principle, a machine and a person can work the same way when described at the relevant. The collapse of the factvalue dichotomy and other essays. The doctrine that the meaning of a term is a concept carried the implication that mean ings are mental entities. Brains in a vat, subjectivity, and the causal theory of. Meaning and reference hilary putnam the journal of philosophy. Hilary whitehall putnam was an american philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist.
Putnam thinks that such terms are defined ostensively, i. It seems like putnam presupposes externalism when he states that oscar and twinoscar have the same mental state but different conceptual extension for water. July 31, 1926 march, 2016 was an american philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist, and a major figure in. Unclear as it is, the traditional doctrine that the notion meaning possesses the extensionintension ambiguity has certain typical consequences. By pure chance the line that it traces curves and recrosses itself in such a way that it ends up looking like a recognizable caricature of winston churchill. He made significant contributions to philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, and philosophy of science. Putnam, hilary meaning and reference, the journal of philosophy. The meaning of meaning hilary putnams classic twin earth argument for semantic externalism. Together with martin davis he developed the davisputnam. Putnam, hilary the collapse of the fact value dichotomy and other essays hilary putnam. Cogan university professor emeritus in the department of philosophy.
1038 4 347 846 564 305 1327 1103 863 548 731 1324 822 245 1431 1006 386 619 363 720 1360 119 73 134 753 1116 917 1039 516 1409 1149 694 263 1062 1471 47 939 921 1425 1109 336 1432 928